Objective: With the development of economy, our living level is being improved, and we pay more and more attention to physical health, whereas a well-built and shapely body and good temperament is also an inevitable requirement of social development. With regard to this, implementing aerobics teaching in universities could adapt to the demands of social development. Research methods: In this paper, literature review, experimental comparison, mathematical statistics were applied to mainly explore the effects of aerobics on female university students’ physical health. Research results show that aerobics teaching were mainly divided into physical training and dance training, which were characterized by elegant, artistic, comprehensive, targeted, rich movement contents and simple movement. Aerobics teaching could correct undesirable female university students’ body shape, contribute to their well shape building, reduce excessive body fat and improve body functions effectively, enhance their heart and lung functions and cardiovascular system and then further promote their physical health level.