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RESEARCH PAPER
Exploring career choice and retention among engineering undergraduate students and systems engineers: A gender perspective
1
Faculty of Education in Technology and Science, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, ISRAEL
2
Samuel Neaman Institute for National Policy, Technion City, Haifa, ISRAEL
3
MOFET National Institute for Research and Development in Teacher Education, Tel Aviv, ISRAEL
4
Faculty of Data and Decision Sciences, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, ISRAEL
Online publication date: 2024-10-16
Publication date: 2024-11-01
EURASIA J. Math., Sci Tech. Ed 2024;20(11):em2527
KEYWORDS
social career cognitive theorycareer choiceretentionengineersundergraduatestudentsgenderwomen in STEM
ABSTRACT
The underrepresentation of women in engineering is a significant concern. This study applies the
social cognitive theory and the social career cognitive theory (SCCT) to investigate gender
differences in engineering career choices. We examined reasons given by 19 systems engineers
and 330 undergraduate engineering students for choosing engineering and categorizing them
according to SCCT themes. We compared the distribution of reasons across themes and
categories by career stage and gender. For engineers, the category self-efficacy correlated
significantly with challenges and opportunities and current job suitability categories, and women
engineers cited challenges mainly with work-life balance and the gender glass ceiling.
Undergraduate students cited personal reasons more frequently than environmental ones, with
behavioral reasons being the least common. The extended SCCT model includes the categories
challenges and opportunities and current job suitability within the behavioral theme, with the latter
pertaining specifically to career retention. This research provides insights into gender-dependent
engineering career choice and retention by expanding the set of SCCT categories.
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| eISSN: | 1305-8223 |
| ISSN: | 1305-8215 |
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