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RESEARCH PAPER
Exploring the Effectiveness of STEAM Integrated Approach via Scratch on Computational Thinking
1
Universiti Sains Malaysia, MALAYSIA
2
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, MALAYSIA
3
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, MALAYSIA
Publication date: 2021-12-02
EURASIA J. Math., Sci Tech. Ed 2021;17(12):em2049
KEYWORDS
computational thinkingconstructionism theoryfive subconstructs of computationalthinkingScratchSTEAM integrated approach
ABSTRACT
This study examined the effectiveness of STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art,
Mathematics) integrated approach via Scratch on five subconstructs of computational thinking
(CT) among 29 male and 30 female students. A quasi-experimental design was employed in the
research. The participants demonstrated the application of CT in designing games via Scratch
during the intervention. The Computational Thinking Survey (CTS) was administered pre-CT and
post- CT tests in measuring the five subconstructs of CT. Repeated multivariate analysis of variance
(MANOVA) results showed that the intervention positively affected male and female students’
comprehension concerning the five subconstructs of CT. The results were strengthened by the
repeated measure of analysis of variance (ANOVA) with posthoc comparisons, indicating all five
subconstructs of CT increased significantly (p < .05). Indirectly, this research introduced a new
teaching methodology for students’ CT level in the current electronic and technology-advanced
era and increased concept manipulation capacity among male and female students.
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