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RESEARCH PAPER
The development and validation of environmental literacy instrument based on spirituality for prospective science teachers
1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, INDONESIA
2
Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, INDONESIA
3
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, INDONESIA
4
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, MALAYSIA
Publication date: 2022-12-21
EURASIA J. Math., Sci Tech. Ed 2022;18(12):em2206
KEYWORDS
confirmatory factor analysisexploratory factor analysisprospective science teacherenvironmental literacyspiritualityteachers
ABSTRACT
The spiritual (S) aspect needs to be integrated with the environmental literacy instrument (ELI) so
that it becomes ELIS. This study was designed to develop and validate an instrument for
prospective science teacher in the form of environmental literacy instrument based on literacy
(ELIS). The instrument was developed based on previous research findings and focus group
discussions involving eleven experts. The factors and internal consistency were examined by
involving 634 students/prospective science teachers from various universities in Indonesia.
Validity and reliability were tested using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor
analysis. This study proposes a 26-item ELIS with acceptable internal validity and consistency. It is
composed of four dimensions: ecological knowledge (five items), environmental hope (seven
items), cognitive skills (eight items), and behavior (six items). The ELIS is recommended as a
measure of the development of environmental literacy based on spirituality for prospective
science teachers.
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