Archives
Current issue
About
About us
Aims and Scope
Abstracting and Indexing
Editorial Office
Open Access Policy
Publication Ethics
Journal History
Publisher
Follow us: Twitter
Contact
For Authors
Editorial Policy
Peer Review Policy
Manuscript Preparation Guidelines
Copyright & Licencing
Publication Fees
Fee Waiver Policy for Doctoral Students
EJMSTE Language Editing Service
More
Statistics
Special Issues
Special Issue Announcements
Published Special Issues
RESEARCH PAPER
Who Needs Entrepreneurial Role Models? Driving Forces of Students’ Cyber-Entrepreneurial Career Intention
1
Department of Industrial Education & Technology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, TAIWAN
2
Graduate Institute of Educational Leadership and Evaluation, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, TAIWAN
3
E-Learning Center, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, TAIWAN
Online publication date: 2018-05-13
Publication date: 2018-05-13
EURASIA J. Math., Sci Tech. Ed 2018;14(7):3083-3098
KEYWORDS
career decisionscyber entrepreneurial intentionscyber entrepreneurial self-efficacyentrepreneurship educationgoal commitment
ABSTRACT
Cyber-entrepreneurship has become an important topic of debate in academia primarily because of an increasingly competitive nature of E-commerce industry and internet. Since cyber-entrepreneurial career-decision encompasses higher degree of personal risks and commitments among those aspiring to become ‘cyber-entrepreneurs’, there is need for in-depth understanding on the driving factors that influencing Cyber-entrepreneurial intentions. By integrating the concepts of social cognitive theory and goal-setting theory, the current research aims to explore the effects of Cyber-entrepreneurial self-efficacy (CESE) and goal commitment (GC) on Cyber-entrepreneurial intentions (CEIs) in the context of undergraduate entrepreneurship education, and inquires whether the presence of entrepreneurial role models (ERMs) has any effect on the CEIs among undergraduates. Structural equation modeling and multi-group analysis were used to analyze the data collected from 279 undergraduate students from several universities in Taiwan—among which 146 were with entrepreneurial role models and 143 were without. The results showed that GC has a partial mediation effect between CESE and CEI only in the cases of students without ERMs. Multi-sample SEM revealed a significant difference between the effects of CESE on CEI in students with and without ERMs. These findings may have important theoretical and practical implications to students undertaking entrepreneurship degrees and those making leap-decisions to enter the cyber-entrepreneurial field.
REFERENCES (92)
1.
Anderson, R., Thier, M., & Pitts, C. (2017). Interpersonal and intrapersonal skill assessment alternatives: Self-reports, situational-judgment tests, and discrete-choice experiments. Learning and Individual Differences, 53, 47-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lind....
2.
Arenius, P., & Minniti, M. (2005). Perceptual variables and nascent entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 24(3), 233-247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187....
3.
Armstrong, J. S., & Overton, T. S. (1977). Estimating nonresponse bias in mail surveys. Journal of Marketing Research, 14(3), 396-402. https://doi.org/10.2307/315078....
4.
Bandura, A. (1989). Human agency in social cognitive theory. American Psychologist, 44(9), 1175-1184. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-0....
6.
Bandura, A. (2002). Social cognitive theory in cultural context. Journal of Applied Psychology: An International Review, 51(2), 269-290. https://doi.org/10.1111/1464-0....
7.
Bandura, A., & Locke, E. A. (2003). Negative self-efficacy and goal effects revisited. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(1), 87-99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021....
8.
Barbosa, S., Gerhardt, M., & Kickul, J. (2007). The role of cognitive style and risk preference on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 13(4), 86-104. https://doi.org/10.1177/107179....
9.
BarNir, A., Watson, W. E., & Hutchins, H. M. (2011). Mediation and moderated mediation in the relationship among role models, self-efficacy, entrepreneurial career intention, and gender. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 41(2), 270-297. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559....
10.
Baron, R. A. (2004). The cognitive perspective: A valuable tool for answering entrepreneurship’s basic “why” questions. Journal of Business Venturing, 19(2), 221-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-....
11.
Baum, J. R., & Locke, E. A. (2004). The relationship of entrepreneurial traits, skill, and motivation to subsequent venture growth. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4), 587-598. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9....
12.
Betz, N. E., & Hackett, G. (1997). Applications of self-efficacy theory to the career assessment of women. Journal of Career Assessment, 5, 383-402. https://doi.org/10.1177/106907....
13.
Bosma, N., Hessels, J., Schutjens, V., Van Praag, M., & Verheul, I. (2012). Entrepreneurship and role models. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(2), 410-424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep....
14.
Bouffard-Bouchard, T. (1990). Influence of self-efficacy on performance in a cognitive task. The Journal of Social Psychology, 130(3), 353-363. https://doi.org/10.1080/002245....
15.
Boyd, N. G., & Vozikis, G. S. (1994). The influence of self-efficacy on the development of entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18, 63-77. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225....
16.
Bullough, A., & Renko, M. (2013). Entrepreneurial resilience during challenging times. Business Horizons, 56(3), 343-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bush....
17.
Callanan, G. A., & Zimmerman, M. (2016). To be or not to be an entrepreneur applying a normative model to career decisions. Journal of Career Development, 43(5) 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/089484....
18.
Carr, J. C., & Sequeira, J. M. (2007). Prior family business exposure as international influence and entrepreneurial intent: A theory of planned behavior approach. Journal of Business Research, 60(10), 1090-1098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbus....
19.
Cheng, Y. P. (2016). Reimaging University Education: The Shifting Learning Ecosystems in Stanford 2025. Journal of Education Research, 266, 96-112.
20.
Chin, W. W. (2010). How to write up and report PLS analyses. In V. Esposito Vinzi, W. W. Chin, J. Henseler, & H. Wang (Eds.), Handbook of partial least squares: Concepts, methods and applications (pp. 655-690). Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag.
21.
Chin, W. W., & Dibbern, J. (2010). An introduction to a permutation based procedure for multi-group PLS analysis: Results of tests of differences on simulated data and a cross cultural analysis of the sourcing of information system services between Germany and the USA. In V. Esposito Vinzi, W. W. Chin, J. Henseler, & H. Wang (Eds.), Handbook of partial least squares: Concepts, methods and applications (pp. 171-193). Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag.
22.
Chu, T. H., & Peng, H. L. (2009). Improving technology-mediated learning effectiveness: An investigation of psychological learning process and collaborative learning performance. Journal of Information Management, 16(1), 135-162.
23.
De Clercq, D., Menzies, T. V., Diochon, M., & Gasse, Y. (2009). Explaining nascent entrepreneurs’ goal commitment: An exploratory study. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 22(2), 123-139. https://doi.org/10.1080/082763....
24.
Drnovsek, M., Cardon, M. S., & Patel, P. C. (2016). Direct and indirect effects of passion on growing technology ventures. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 10(2), 194-213. https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.12....
25.
Edwards-Schachter, M., García-Granero, A., Sánchez-Barrioluengo, M., Quesada-Pineda, H., & Amara, N. (2015). Disentangling competences: Interrelationships on creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 16, 27-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.....
26.
eMarketer (2014). Worldwide ecommerce Sales to increase nearly 20% in 2014. Retrieved from http://www.emarketer.com/Artic....
27.
Fayolle, A., Gailly, B., & Lassas-Cierc, N. (2006). Assessing the impact of entrepreneurship education programmes: A new methodology. Journal of Industrial Training, 30(9), 701-720. https://doi.org/10.1108/030905....
28.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobervables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.2307/315131....
29.
Gattie, D. K., Kellam, N. K., Schramski, J. R., & Walther, J. (2011). Engineering education as a complex system. European Journal of Engineering Education, 36(6), 521-535. https://doi.org/10.1080/030437....
30.
Geer, J. H., Davison, G. C., & Gatchel, R. I. (1970). Reduction of stress in humans through nonveridical perceived control of aversive stimulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 16(4), 731-738. https://doi.org/10.1037/h00300....
31.
Geldhof, G. J., Weiner, M., Agans, J. P., Mueller, M. K., & Lerner, R. M. (2014). Understanding entrepreneurial intent in late adolescence: The role of intentional self-regulation and innovation. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 43(1), 81-91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964....
32.
Glass, D. C., Singer, J. E., Leonard, H. S., Krantz, D., Cohen, S., & Cummings, H. (1973). Perceived control of aversive stimulation and the reduction of stress responsesl. Journal of Personality, 41(4), 577-595. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467....
33.
Global Entrepreneurship Research Association (2018). GEM GLOBAL REPORT 2017/18. Retrieved from http://gemconsortium.org/repor....
34.
Gundry, L. K., Ofstein, L. F., & Kickul, J. R. (2014). Seeing around corners: How creativity skills in entrepreneurship education influence innovation in business. The International Journal of Management Education, 12(3), 529-538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme....
35.
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (2009). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
36.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
37.
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 18(2), 139-152. https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP106....
38.
Henseler, J., Dijkstra, T. K., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., Diamantopoulos, A., Straub, D. W., Ketchen, D. J. Jr, Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M. & Calantone, R. J. (2014). Common beliefs and reality about PLS: Comments on Rönkkö & Evermann (2013). Organizational Research Methods, 17(2), 182-209. https://doi.org/10.1177/109442....
39.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747....
40.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2016). Testing measurement invariance of composites using partial least squares. International Marketing Review, 33(3), 405-431. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-09....
41.
Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/107055....
42.
Huang, K. P. (2017). Entrepreneurial Education: The Effect of Entrepreneurial Political Skill on Social Network, Tacit Knowledge, and Innovation Capability. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 13(8), 5061-5072. https://doi.org/10.12973/euras....
43.
Jiang, H., Xiong, W., & Cao, Y. (2017). Research on the Mechanism of Entrepreneurial Education Quality, Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy and Entrepreneurial Intention in Social Sciences, Engineering and Science Education. Engineering and Science Education. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science & Technology Education, 13(7), 3709-3721. https://doi.org/10.12973/euras....
44.
Kickul, J., Gundry, L. K., Barbosa, S. D., & Whitcanack, L. (2009). Intuition versus analysis? Testing differential models of cognitive style on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and the new venture creation process. Journal of Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(2), 439-453. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540....
45.
Klein, H. J., Wesson, M. J., Hollenbeck, J. R., Wright, P. M., & DeShon, R. P. (2001). The assessment of goal commitment: A measurement model meta-analysis. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 85(1), 32-55. https://doi.org/10.1006/obhd.2....
46.
Krumboltz, J., Mitchell, A., & Jones, G. (1976). A social learning theory of career selection. The Counseling Psychologist, 6, 71-80. https://doi.org/10.1177/001100....
47.
Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D., & Hackett, G. (1994). Toward a unifying social cognitive theory of career and academic interest, choice, and performance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 45(1), 79-122. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1....
48.
Liñán, F. (2008). Skill and value perceptions: How do they affect entrepreneurial intentions? International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 4(3), 257-272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365....
49.
Liñán, F., & Chen, Y. W. (2009). Development and cross-cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 593-617. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540....
50.
Liñán, F., & Fayolle, A. (2015). A systematic literature review on entrepreneurial intentions: citation, thematic analyses, and research agenda. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 11(4), 907-933. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365....
51.
Liu, C. Y., Wen, C. T., & Hsieh, R. M. (2011). A survey of entrepreneurship and policy implications in Taiwan: Evidence from global entrepreneurship monitor Data. The 14th Conference on Interdisciplinary and Multifunctional Business Management. Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan.
52.
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2002). Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation. American Psychologist, 57(9), 705-717. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-0....
53.
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2006). New directions in goal-setting theory. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15(5), 265-268. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467....
54.
Locke, E. A., Frederick, E., Lee, C., & Bobko, P. (1984). Effect of self-efficacy, goals, and task strategies on task performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69(2), 241-251. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9....
55.
Locke, E. A., Shaw, K. N., Saari, L. M., & Latham, G. P. (1981). Goal setting and task performance: 1969–1980. Psychological Bulletin, 90(1), 125-152. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2....
56.
Lubart, T. (2008). Connecting learning, individual differences and creativity. Learning and Individual Differences, 18(4), 361-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lind....
57.
Matlay, H., & Westhead, P. (2007). Innovation and collaboration in virtual teams of e-entrepreneurs: Case evidence from the European tourism industry. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 8(1), 29-36. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000....
59.
McGee, J. E., Peterson, M., Mueller, S. L., & Sequeira, J. M. (2009). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy: Refining the measure. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(4), 965-988. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540....
60.
Meyer, J. P., & Herscovitch, L. (2001). Commitment in the workplace toward a general model, Human Resource Management Review, 11(3), 299-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-....
61.
Meyer, J. P., Becker, T. E., & Van Dick, R. (2006). Social identities and commitments at work: Toward an integrative model. Journal of organizational behavior, 27(5), 665-683. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.38....
62.
Ministry of Economic Affairs (2016). Industrial and Economic Development Blueprint. Retrieved from https://www.contacttaiwan.tw/m....
63.
Ministry of Education (2016). University Course Information (UCOURSE). Retrieved from.
65.
Ministry of Education Youth Development Department (2012). Assist youth employment programs. Retrieved from http://www.ey.gov.tw/Upload/Re...- 838910e3282.pdf.
66.
Muofhe, N. J., & Du Toit, W. F. (2011). Entrepreneurial education’s and entrepreneurial role models’ influence on career choice. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 9(1), Art. #345, 15-pages. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm....
67.
Obschonka, M., Silbereisen, R. K., & Schmitt-Rodermund, E. (2011). Successful entrepreneurship as developmental outcome: A path model from a life span perspective of human development. European Psychologist, 16(3), 174-186. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9....
68.
OECD (2011). LEED forum on partnerships and local governance. Handbook no. 5. Partnering for success in fostering graduate. OECD LEED. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/cfe/leed/4....
69.
Pavlou, P. A., & Fygenson, M. (2006). Understanding and predicting electronic commerce adoption: An extension of the theory of planned behavior. MIS Quarterly, 30(1), 115-143. https://doi.org/10.2307/251487....
70.
Piperopoulos, P., & Dimov, D. (2015). Burst bubbles or build steam? Entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial self‐efficacy, and entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(4), 970-985. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.1....
71.
Prussia, G. E., & Kinicki, A. J. (1996). A motivational investigation of group effectiveness using social cognitive theory. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(2), 187-199. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9....
72.
Przepiorka, A. (2016). What makes successful entrepreneurs different in temporal and goal-commitment dimensions? Time & Society, 25(1), 40-60. https://doi.org/10.1177/096146....
73.
Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J.-M. (2015). SmartPLS 3. Boenningstedt: SmartPLS GmbH. Retrieved from http://www.smartpls.com.
74.
Sánchez, J. C. (2011). University training for entrepreneurial competencies: Its impact on intention of venture creation. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 7(2), 239-254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365....
75.
Sarstedt, M., Henseler, J., & Ringle, C. M. (2011). Multigroup analysis in partial least squares (PLS) path modeling: Alternative methods and empirical results. Advances in International Marketing, 22(1), 195-218. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1474-....
76.
Schmitt-Rodermund, E. (2004). Pathways to successful entrepreneurship: Parenting, personality, early entrepreneurial competence, and interests. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65(3), 498-518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.....
77.
Sesen, H. (2013). Personality or environment? A comprehensive study on the entrepreneurial intentions of university students. Education+ Training, 55(7), 624-640. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-05-....
78.
Shane, S., Locke, E. A., & Collins, C. J. (2003). Entrepreneurial motivation. Human Resource Management Review, 13(2), 257-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-....
79.
Shepherd, D. A., Williams, T. A., & Patzelt, H. (2015). Thinking about entrepreneurial decision making: Review and research agenda. Journal of Management, 41(1), 11-46. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920....
80.
St-Jean, É., & Mathieu, C. (2015). Developing attitudes toward an entrepreneurial career through mentoring: The mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Journal of Career Development, 42(4), 325-338. https://doi.org/10.1177/089484....
81.
Stokes, D., & Wilson, N. (2010). Small business management and entrepreneurship (6th ed.). Andover: Cengage Learning EMEA.
83.
Trevelyan, R. (2011). Self-regulation and effort in entrepreneurial tasks. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 17(1), 39-63. https://doi.org/10.1108/135525....
84.
Vancouver, J. B., Thompson, C. M., & Williams, A. A. (2001). The changing signs in the relationships among self-efficacy, personal goals, and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(4), 605-620. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9....
85.
Vancouver, J. B., Thompson, C. M., Tischner, E. C., & Putka, D. J. (2002). Two studies examining the negative effect of self-efficacy on performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(3), 506-513. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-....
86.
Vanevenhoven, J. (2013). Advances and challenges in entrepreneurship education. Journal of Small Business Management, 51(3), 466-470. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.1....
87.
Wang, Y. S., Lin, S. J., Yeh, C. H., Li, C. R., & Li, H. T. (2016). What drives students’ cyber entrepreneurial intention: The moderating role of disciplinary difference. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 22, 22-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.....
88.
White, S., & Locke, E. (2000). Problems with the Pygmalion effect and some proposed solutions. Leadership Quarterly, 11, 389-415. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-....
89.
Wood, R., & Bandura, A. (1989). Social cognitive theory of organizational management. Academy of Management Review, 14(3), 361-384. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.19....
90.
Wu, W. H. (2002). An empirical study of past performance, goal commitment, computer self-efficacy, and computer performance of computer skill learner-an integration of social cognitive theory and goal-setting theory. Journal of Taiwan Normal University: Science Education, 47(1), 39-54.
91.
Wu, Y. C. J., Kuo, T., & Shen, J. P. (2013). Exploring social entrepreneurship education from a Web-based pedagogical perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(2), 329-334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.....
92.
Zhao, H., Seibert, C., & Hills, C. (2005). The mediating role of self-efficacy in the development of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(2), 1265-1272. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9....
| eISSN: | 1305-8223 |
| ISSN: | 1305-8215 |
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
